The Gigabit Ethernet Project

Literature for content distribution networks:

1. M. Crovella and R. Carter, "Dynamic server selection in the Internet" , Proceedings of the Third IEEE Workshop on the Architecture and Implementation of High Performance Communication Subsystems, June 1995. This paper introduces a flexible policy for document replication in the Web.

2. Z. Fei, S. Bhattacharjee, E. Zegura, and M. Ammar, "A novel selection technique for improving the response time of a replicated service", Proceedings of INFOCOM, pp. 783 - 791, 1998, June 1995. In this paper clients identify servers using application-layer anycasting service.

3. K. Moore, "SONAR - A network proximity service version 1", Internet Draft, Network Working Group , August 1998. This is an RFC that describes the SONAR protocol for providing an interface for applications that need to measure network proximity. Could be implemented by using the "ping" utility that uses ICMP echo requests to verify network connectivity. The SONAR service does not specify use of any particular means of estimating network proximity.

4. A. Fox, S. Gribble, Y. Chawathe, E. Brewer, and P.Gauthier, "Cluster-Based Scalable Network Services", Proceedings of the 16th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, pp. 78-91, October 1997. This paper describes a second generation of URL routers, added the ability to redirect requests to geographically distant content sources using HTTP redirection mechanisms.

Literature for caching infrastructures and digesting methods:

1. D. A. Maltz and P. Bhagwat, "TCP Splicing for Application Layer Proxy Performance" IBM Research Report RC 21139, March 1998. This paper decribes a mechanisms that a URL router can use to route or forward HTTP requests - TCP connection splicing.

2. B. Michel, K. Nikoloudakis, P. Reiher, and L. Zhang, "URL Forwarding and Compression in Adaptive Web Caching", Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2000, pp. 670 - 678, March 2000. This paper introduces a new cache digesting method based on hierarchical decomposition od URL strings. Evaulated is a CRC19 implementation.

3. L. Fan, P. Cao, J. Almeide, and A. Broder, "Summary cache: A scalable wide-Area web cache sharing protocol", Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM, pp. 254 - 265, 1998. This paper introduces the idea of using Bloom filters for cache digesting. Evaluted are several alternative implementations (on top of SQUID ICP) for different load in the Bloom filter structure.

Literature for higher-layer switch architectures:

1. G. Apostolopoulos, V. Peris, P. Prashant, and D. Saha, "L5: A Self-Learning Layer-5 Switch" , IBM ResearchReport, RC 21461, April 1999. This paper introduces application layer routing based on URLs and desribes a switch architecture for such.

2. D. Andresen, T. Yang, V. Holmedahl, O. H. Ibarra,"SWEB Towards a Scalable World Wide Web Server on Multicomputers", Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Symposium on Parallel Processing (IPPS’96), pp. 850-856. April 1996. This paper proposes an application layer (URL based) routing method.

3. M. Crawford, "Non-Terminal DNS Name Redirection"RFC 2672, August 1999. This is a DNS specification. It enables mapping of an entire subtree of the DNS name space to another domain, and hence could be used for static Web reuest redirection.

4. M. Dahlin, "Interpreting Stale Load Information", IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems,Vol. 11 No. 10, pp. 1033-1047, October 2001. This paper examines the problem of load balancing for globally distributed sytems and represents a strategy for interpreting stale load information.

Web sites of interest:

1. R. Fielding, J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk, and T. Berners-Lee "Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1" RFC 2068, January 1997.

2. Monthly Log Files 2000 RFC 2068, Computer Science Division, University of California, Berkeley URL

3. NLANR Sanitized Cache Access Logs (National Science Foundation Grants NCR-9616602 and NCR-9521745),2000.