Project partners:
(for NSF CNS-0519951)
(for NSF CNS-0721858)
Project funding:
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This project is focused on reducing the energy use of the Internet and the
hosts that connect to it. Specifically, this project has addressed reducing
both direct energy use of network links and induced energy use
of network-connected hosts. To date, this project has pioneered new ideas
in reducing energy use of Ethernet links, exposing power state of network
equipment, and employing proxying to allow network-connected hosts to sleep
when idle. Future plans include modeling of multimedia content distribution,
studying how to reduce energy use of targeted services in enterprise
networks, and other topics.
Significant outcomes and events:
- A provisional patent filing was made in February 2012 for "Apparatus
and Method for Automatically Selecting the Optimal Local Communications
Channel from a Plurality of Channels" by Ingo McLean, Mehgran Mostowfi,
and Ken Christensen.
- "Reduing Plug Load in Office Buildings" was presented on YouTube in 2011
by Rual Viera (undergraduate research student), see
here.
- "Hybrid Web Server" was presented on YouTube in 2011 by Matt Olson
(undergraduate research student), see
here.
- A special guest-edited issue of
IEEE Network magazine on
Energy-Efficient Networks is forthcoming in early to mid 2011. Guest editors
are Juergen Quittek, Ken Christensen, and Bruce Nordman.
- The First International
Workshop on Green Communications was organized as part of
ICC 2009. Ken
Christensen is one of the four organizers of this workshop that is continuing
as the Fourth International
Workshop on Green Communications in Kyoto, Japan as part of
ICC 2011.
- The notion of a power state MIB developed as part of this project was
presented to the IETF in 2009 by Juergen Quittek, see
here. This
helped lead to the foundation of the
Energy Management Working
Group.
- The "SIP Catcher" was presented on YouTube in 2008 by Miguel Jimeno (PhD
student), see here.
- This project was awarded the 2008 State of Florida "Excellence in
Sustainability through Information Technology" award by
ITFlorida.
- The EPA
EPA Energy Star Program Requirements for Computers, Version 5.0 now
states that "Proxying refers to a computer that maintains Full Network
Connectivity as defined in Section 1 of this specification. For a system to
qualify under the proxying weightings above, it must meet a non-proprietary
proxying standard that has been approved by the EPA and the European Union
as meeting the goals of ENERGY STAR.".
- An Ecma task group
TC38-TG4 - Proxying Support for Sleep Modes was created with the
scope of "Network proxying of ICT devices to reduce energy consumption" with
work to include "To develop Standards and Technical Reports for network
proxying; a proxy is an entity that maintains network presence for a
sleeping higher-power ICT device." The standard (1st edition) is now complete
and is available
here.
Our work contributed to this standard.
- An IEEE 802.3
Energy Efficient Ethernet Study Group was established in November 2006 and is
now the IEEE 802.3az Task Force.
IEEE 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE) was standardized in September 2010.
EEE is based on Low Power Idle (LPI). Our early ideas in Adaptive Link Rate (ALR)
were instrumental in kicking-off the EEE effort, see
here.
- The UPnP Forum released standardized
service descriptions for
Low Power V1.0 in August 2007. This includes a UPnP proxy to which we
made contributions (see
here). Jakob Klamra (visiting student from Lund University, Sweden)
is specifically listed as a contributor on the UPnP Forum standard.
The contact for this project is
Ken Christensen at the
University of South Florida.
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